Banca de QUALIFICAÇÃO: DARLLANE AZEVEDO LEMOS

HOSPITALIZATION AND MORTALITY DUE TO RESPIRATORY DISEASES IN BRAZIL AND EFFECTS OF SARS-COV-2 ON CARDIOVASCULAR REHABILITATION AND PULMONARY

Respiratory diseases, Hospitalizations, Deaths, Rehabilitation, SARSCOV-2

INTRODUCTION: Respiratory diseases (RD) are responsible for 55.4 million deaths worldwide, in addition to causing economic and social impacts due to complications that increase the risk of hospitalizations and mortality rate. Promotion and prevention strategies, including rehabilitation programs, are needed to reduce injuries and early death. As a result of the pandemic, many rehabilitation services were abruptly interrupted due to the risk and fear of contagion by Sars-Cov-2. Therefore, the use of technology was of paramount importance for continuity in the treatment of patients, controlling symptoms, reducing exacerbations and the number of hospital admissions and deaths due to RD. OBJECTIVE: To characterize hospital admissions and mortality rate from respiratory diseases between the years 2008 and 2019, according to the region of residence, age group and sex, and to analyze the impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on cardiovascular rehabilitation programs and pulmonary in the national territory. METHODS: Study 1: longitudinal study with secondary data referring to hospitalizations and deaths from respiratory diseases from the SUS hospital information system (SIS/SUS), between the years 2008 to 2019. Data were grouped according to demographic region, range age and sex. Data were analyzed using GraphPad Prism software versions 6.0 and the significance level was set at <0.05. Study 2: cross-sectional between April and November 2021, by sending an online questionnaire to health professionals linked to Brazilian rehabilitation programs, who maintained their activities during the Covid-19 pandemic. Volunteers who did not accept the informed consent were excluded. The questionnaire consisted of multiple-choice and open-ended questions. The results are presented in a descriptive way. RESULTS: Study 1: A total of 8,448,442 hospital admissions for respiratory diseases were recorded between 2008 and 2019. The highest incidence of hospitalizations was for pneumonia 4,460,463 (52.8%;), male, in the Southeast region and in the age group > 80 years. Study 2: Of the 40 validated responses, 39 were Physiotherapists. Regarding rehabilitation services, (62.5%) saw up to 10 patients daily before the pandemic, while during the pandemic (45%) they saw between 5 and 10 in-person patients. Still, 80% of the services had their activities affected with suspension ranging from less than 1 month to more than 6 months. It is also worth noting that in 50% of the services there was no change in the duration of care and that 82.5% suffered some type of adaptation during the pandemic. Telerehabilitation was provided in 62.5% of the services. Still, 55% of the services showed difficulties to insert telerehabilitation, with the lack of adaptation of the patient being reported as the main limiting factor. In addition, 45% of respondents reported complications and/or hospitalizations of patients, 55% reported that the underlying disease had worsened in some case, and 65% reported death among patients.